CompressionSprings Meaning of Symbols The symbols used for compression springs design are shown in Table 1 below. The values of the transverse elastic modulus (G) are based on Table 2. The symbols used in tables and calculation formulas here are in accordance with JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards). The equivalent symbols that are used by ISO are shown in brackets [] next to JIS’ symbols. Table 1. Symbols and units used in calculations(Includes the comparison symbols between JIS, ISO) SymbolsJIS [ISO] Meaning of Symbols Unit d Material diameter mm D1 [Di] Coil inner diameter mm D2 [De] Coil outer diameter mm D Coil mean diameter mm Nt [nt] Total number of … Continue reading Compression Springs: Calculation Formulas